Due to weather, the Pick Up dates for the Tree Sale have been moved to MAY 4 & MAY 5
Time to Get Planting!
Spring 2018 Tree Sale
Pick up Dates: MAY 4 (10:30-4) and MAY 5 (10:30-1)
Pick up Dates: MAY 4 (10:30-4) and MAY 5 (10:30-1)
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Note on Seedling Size: "2-0" or "1-0" is the age of the seedling, i.e. 2 years old or 1 year old. Next, is the size of the seedling. We have found that smaller seedlings have a better survival rate because they are better able to adapt to their new home. For apples, the size of "1/2 min" means that the diameter of what will become the trunk is at least 1/2".
Conifer Trees:
Unless otherwise noted, all conifers listed are native to Michigan.
*White Cedar (Thuja occidentalis) Height: 50’-80’ SOLD OUT
Highly shade tolerant, prefers moist, wet, fertile soils. Slow growing, but long-lived. Very cold hardy, and virtually disease-free. Also called Arborvitae. Wood is light, soft, rot resistant and fragrant. Used for posts, shingles, cabin logs. Needs protection from deer browsing.
Douglas Fir (Psuedotsuga menziesii) Height: 40’-100’
Moderately shade tolerant, tolerates sandy to moist soils. Moderately fast growing. Planted widely for Christmas trees because of its natural conical form and needle retention. Avoid planting in frost pockets and next to Blue Spruce.
Concolor Fir (Abies concolor) Height: 30’-50’
Moderately shade tolerant, prefers acidic but well-drained sandy loam. This tree likes short, cool summers and colder winters. Mild fragrance, nice shape, strong limbs with excellent needle retention.
American Larch (Larix laricina) Height: 40’-65’
Does not do well in shade, prefers moist soils, doing well in cold, wet, poorly drained sites. Colonizes drier sites when competition is lacking. Also called Tamarack. Only native eastern conifer with deciduous needles, foliage turns yellow in autumn. Wood is heavy, hard, very durable. Used for poles, piling, rough lumber.
*Jack Pine (Pinus banksiana) Height: 30’-55’
Prefers full sun, and does well in poor, sandy soils. The only nesting site for the endangered Kirtland’s warbler. Very fast growing, extremely cold and salt tolerant. Excellent for wildlife cover, windbreaks, and timber production.
*Red Pine (Pinus resinosa) Height: 50’-80’
Full sun, prefers sandy soils. Also known as Norway Pine, it is native to north America. Fast growing. Needles sharp and brittle. Used for timber, reforestation and wildlife cover. Sheds lower branches as it matures.
*Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus) Height: 65’-90’ SOLD OUT
Moderately shade tolerant, wide range of soils. Michigan’s official State Tree. Fast-growing and very windfirm. Needles soft, fine and flexible. Wood is light, soft, straight-grained, easily worked.
*Black Spruce (Picea mariana) Height 40’-100’
Moderately shade tolerant and long lived, prefers moist soils (it is also called Swamp Spruce), but will grow in wide range of soil types. Abundant in the wild, provides vital habitat for grouse. Found with white spruce, balsam, white cedar. Uses include Christmas trees, furniture, poles, paddles and oars.
Colorado Blue Spruce (Picea pungens) Height 50-80’
Full sun to part shade, tolerates drier soils. Needles have whitish-blue cast; used for Christmas trees, windbreaks, and wildlife cover. Native to western U.S.
*Norway Spruce (Picea abies) Height: 50’-80’
Shade tolerant, wide variety of soils, but does best on moist, fertile soil. Moderately fast-growing. Graceful, pendulant branches with large cones. Used for windbreaks, wildlife habitat, and as an ornamental. Native to central and northern Europe.
*White Spruce (Picea glauca) Height: 50’-80’
Shade tolerant, wide variety of soils, but does best on moist, fertile soil. Slow to moderate growth. Retains lower branches, excellent for wildlife cover, windbreaks & visual screening. Needles have a pungent odor when crushed. Salt tolerant. Limited timber value.
*Containerized Seedlings are becoming more common as a choice for tree planting stock. They are easily hand planted, and research shows that containerized seedlings have a much better survival rate than bare rooted seedlings. The seedlings have a plug of soil surrounding the roots. We have White Cedar, Jack Pine, Red Pine, and White Pine, Black Spruce, Norway Spruce, and White Spruce available in bundles of 25.
Unless otherwise noted, all conifers listed are native to Michigan.
*White Cedar (Thuja occidentalis) Height: 50’-80’ SOLD OUT
Highly shade tolerant, prefers moist, wet, fertile soils. Slow growing, but long-lived. Very cold hardy, and virtually disease-free. Also called Arborvitae. Wood is light, soft, rot resistant and fragrant. Used for posts, shingles, cabin logs. Needs protection from deer browsing.
Douglas Fir (Psuedotsuga menziesii) Height: 40’-100’
Moderately shade tolerant, tolerates sandy to moist soils. Moderately fast growing. Planted widely for Christmas trees because of its natural conical form and needle retention. Avoid planting in frost pockets and next to Blue Spruce.
Concolor Fir (Abies concolor) Height: 30’-50’
Moderately shade tolerant, prefers acidic but well-drained sandy loam. This tree likes short, cool summers and colder winters. Mild fragrance, nice shape, strong limbs with excellent needle retention.
American Larch (Larix laricina) Height: 40’-65’
Does not do well in shade, prefers moist soils, doing well in cold, wet, poorly drained sites. Colonizes drier sites when competition is lacking. Also called Tamarack. Only native eastern conifer with deciduous needles, foliage turns yellow in autumn. Wood is heavy, hard, very durable. Used for poles, piling, rough lumber.
*Jack Pine (Pinus banksiana) Height: 30’-55’
Prefers full sun, and does well in poor, sandy soils. The only nesting site for the endangered Kirtland’s warbler. Very fast growing, extremely cold and salt tolerant. Excellent for wildlife cover, windbreaks, and timber production.
*Red Pine (Pinus resinosa) Height: 50’-80’
Full sun, prefers sandy soils. Also known as Norway Pine, it is native to north America. Fast growing. Needles sharp and brittle. Used for timber, reforestation and wildlife cover. Sheds lower branches as it matures.
*Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus) Height: 65’-90’ SOLD OUT
Moderately shade tolerant, wide range of soils. Michigan’s official State Tree. Fast-growing and very windfirm. Needles soft, fine and flexible. Wood is light, soft, straight-grained, easily worked.
*Black Spruce (Picea mariana) Height 40’-100’
Moderately shade tolerant and long lived, prefers moist soils (it is also called Swamp Spruce), but will grow in wide range of soil types. Abundant in the wild, provides vital habitat for grouse. Found with white spruce, balsam, white cedar. Uses include Christmas trees, furniture, poles, paddles and oars.
Colorado Blue Spruce (Picea pungens) Height 50-80’
Full sun to part shade, tolerates drier soils. Needles have whitish-blue cast; used for Christmas trees, windbreaks, and wildlife cover. Native to western U.S.
*Norway Spruce (Picea abies) Height: 50’-80’
Shade tolerant, wide variety of soils, but does best on moist, fertile soil. Moderately fast-growing. Graceful, pendulant branches with large cones. Used for windbreaks, wildlife habitat, and as an ornamental. Native to central and northern Europe.
*White Spruce (Picea glauca) Height: 50’-80’
Shade tolerant, wide variety of soils, but does best on moist, fertile soil. Slow to moderate growth. Retains lower branches, excellent for wildlife cover, windbreaks & visual screening. Needles have a pungent odor when crushed. Salt tolerant. Limited timber value.
*Containerized Seedlings are becoming more common as a choice for tree planting stock. They are easily hand planted, and research shows that containerized seedlings have a much better survival rate than bare rooted seedlings. The seedlings have a plug of soil surrounding the roots. We have White Cedar, Jack Pine, Red Pine, and White Pine, Black Spruce, Norway Spruce, and White Spruce available in bundles of 25.
Hardwood Trees:
American Mountain Ash (Sorbus americana) Height: 25’-35’
Tolerates highly acid soil and a variety of soil types, moderately shade tolerant. A northern, boreal tree - uncommon south of the northern lower peninsula. One of the most beautiful flowering trees of northern forests. White flowers in spring that bring bright red berries in the fall that are readily eaten by birds.
Native White Birch (Betula papyrifera) Height: 40-60’
Full sun, does best on moist soils. Also called Paper Birch. Catkins are a food source for grouse. Used for ornamental and wildlife purposes.
Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum) Height: 60’-100’
Highly shade tolerant, moist fertile soils. Also referred to as “hard maple.” Primary species of the northern hardwood forest. Used for shade, quality lumber, veneer, and syrup production. One of the prettiest trees for fall foliage. Slow growing, long lived.
Red Maple (Acer rubrum) Height: 65’-100’
Highly shade tolerant, prefers moist, fertile soil. Also referred to as “soft maple.” Fast growing. Used as a shade tree and for pulpwood and low-grade lumber. Bright red fall foliage.
Bur Oak (Quercus macrocarpa) Height: 60’-80’
Moderately shade tolerant, tolerates variety of soils types; highly drought resistant, yet tolerates flooding. Most preferred acorn by wildlife. Slow growing, long-lived, fire resistant. Used for furniture, flooring, barrels, and posts.
Red Oak (Quercus rubra) Height: 65’-100’
Full to partial sun, likes well drained soils. Large versatile tree, fastest growing of the oaks. Wood is valued for timber and firewood. Susceptible to oak wilt. Produces abundant nuts eaten in late winter by deer, small mammals and turkeys.
Swamp White Oak (Quercus bicolor) Height: 50’-70’
Full to partial sun, prefers moist rich soils of stream banks and swamps. Forest growth develops straight clear stems and narrow open crowns. Tolerates acid soils. Wood is hard, strong and heavy. As with other oaks, it is used in furniture, barrels, and as wildlife food.
White Oak (Quercus alba) Height: 60’-80’
Full to partial sun, grows in dry upland soils, sandy loam to clay loam. Produces sweet nuts eaten by deer, small mammals and turkeys. One of North America’s most valuable timber oaks, it was once widely used for making barrels and in shipbuilding. Produces highest quality firewood. The red oaks are more susceptible to oak wilt; the white oak is a recommended replacement tree.
Hybrid Poplar (Populus X canadensia) Height: 30’-50’
Full sun, tolerates wide range of soils. Very fast growing, seedlings capable of six-foot growth or more. Propagates via fire or clear-cutting. Used for windbreaks, erosion control, pulpwood. Excellent food source for wildlife.
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Wildlife Trees & Shrubs
Button Bush (Cephalanthus occidentalis) Height: 5’-15’
Full sun, prefers moist soils. A rounded shrub in the coffee family! Also called honey-bells or button-willow. Exceptional wildlife benefits, suitable for butterfly gardens. Widely used for wetland restoration.
Butterflybush (Buddleia davidii) Height: 10’-15’
Full sun to partial shade, does well in wide range of soils. Attracts butterflies, bees, and hummingbirds to its fragrant flower spikes that bloom from summer to fall.
Highbush Cranberry (Viburnum trilobum) Height: 3’-10’
Moist to wet soils, full sun. Upright shrubs that can reach to 10’ in height. Clusters of white flowers, berries bright scarlet, leaves turn bright scarlet in autumn. Holds fruit in winter. Used by ruffed grouse, songbirds, fox squirrels, deer, and chipmunks.
Red Osier Dogwood (Cornus sericca) Height: 5’-10’
Tolerates range of soils, but prefers moist soils. Native dogwood with small flowers and silky green leaves that turn purplish in fall. Dense and fast-growing, makes a good low windbreak. Attractive even in winter, and attracts a variety of wildlife.
Silky Dogwood (Cornus amomum) Height: 5’-10’
Full to partial sun, tolerates range of soils, but prefers moist soils. Well adapted to Great Lakes states. Primary use is for field and farmstead windbreaks and wildlife borders and wildlife habitat. Can be used for streambank stabilization and erosion control. Dense foliage turns red in fall followed by blue-grey berries.
Black Elderberry (Sambucus canadensis) Height 8’-12’
Prefers moist soil and full sun, though highly adaptable. Deciduous upright shrub. Fast grower with attractive white flowers and berries all season long.
American Hazelnut (Corylis americana) Height: 8’-16’
Full to partial sun, tolerates a wide variety of soils. Winter-hardy, multi-stemmed tree typically occurs in thickets. Easy to grow. Requires two for cross-pollination to produce abundant crops of nuts. Annual bearer. Nuts prized by humans and used by squirrels, fox, turkey, woodpecker, pheasants. Leaves and twigs are eaten by deer, moose, and beaver. Male catkins are a food staple of grouse in the winter.
Ninebark (Physocarpus opulifolius) Height: 5’-10’
Full sun, but will tolerate some shade, tolerates range of soils. Small shrub in the rose family. Spirea-like clusters of small flowers in early summer are an attractive feature, as is the peeling bark that develops with age. Multi-stemmed, arching branches provide cover to small mammals and nesting birds. Flowerheads are attractive to bees, birds and butterflies. All parts of this plant are known to be poisonous to humans.
Saskatoon Serviceberry (Amelanchier alnifolia) Height: 6’-15’
Moderately shade tolerant, wide range of soils. This small tree/shrub produces white flowers in early spring. Purple-red fruit with a sweet, nutty taste is used by many species of wildlife. Can also be used to make pies, jams, wines, and in trail mix when dried.
Fruit Trees
Apple and pear trees provide food not only for us, but also for wildlife. They do require more care than other trees, but are a sweet addition to any property. Apples and pears prefer full sun for best yields, and they do best on nutrient-rich, well-drained soil free from excessive weed pressure.
Climate plays an important role in selecting apple and pear varieties because they require a certain number of “chilling hours” in the winter, as well as appropriate timing of flower bloom in spring to avoid any freezing temperatures. Therefore, varieties that do well in southern Illinois may not do well here in northern Michigan. All of the varieties listed here are well-suited for our climate (cold and long winters), so you know that they will perform well if cared for properly.
Apple Tree Bundle:
One of the most popular trees and foods! These “orchard apple” varieties require cross-pollination between 2 or more different varieties, as well as pruning for annual production and to minimize disease. They are on dwarf to semi-dwarf rootstocks (10’ to 15’ mature height) that are also more cold hardy and disease resistant than other rootstocks.
Our apple trees are only available in a 2-pack including 1 Gala and 1 Honeycrisp, and a 4-pack of 1 each of all the varieties. If you want apples that will grow well together and here in Presque Isle County, just pick how many trees you want- we took the guesswork out of choosing varieties!
Gala Apple
Crisp and snappy! One of your favorite grocery store apples is even better homegrown. Fruit is delectably sweet-tart, which makes it a great fresh-eating apple. In addition, it cooks and stores well, so plan to make this your go-to cooking and canning apple, too. Hangs well on the tree late into the season. Ripens in early October.
Honeycrisp Apple
A modern apple in high demand. Outstanding fresh-eating qualities make this variety an American favorite. Fruit is aromatic and sweet as honey with an explosively juicy, crisp texture. Grow this naturally compact tree even in small spaces. Originates from Excelsior, Minnesota in 1974. Cold-hardy. Ripens in early September.
Cortland Apple
Won’t turn brown! This productive tree bears gorgeous ruby red apples with a snowy center that won’t brown in salads. Also perfect for pies and cider. Originates from Geneva, New York in 1898. Cold-hardy. Ripens in mid September.
Cameo Apple
Its parentage is uncertain; it may be a cross between 'Red Delicious' and 'Golden Delicious', since it was found near orchards of those fruits; it also appears similar to the original 'Delicious' cultivar. It is bright red striped over creamy orange, firm and crisp with an aromatic flavor.
Pear Tree Bundle:
European pear trees are stately, fruit-bearing trees. They tend to have an upright growth habit (with a mature height of 15’-20’), with smooth green leaves and delicate white flowers in the spring, followed by the added benefit of fruit in late summer and fall. Pear trees do not require annual pruning, and in fact, should not be pruned unless absolutely necessary.
The fruits from these trees are commonly recognized as “classic” or “traditional” pears. Needs more than one variety of pears for cross-pollination. They achieve their best quality of taste and texture when harvested and allowed to ripen off the tree for a few days at room temperature.
Our pear trees are available only in 2-packs, containing one each of Bartlett and Moonglow to ensure a good crop on both trees and to take the guesswork out of the best trees for this location.
Bartlett Pear
The #1 pear worldwide! First introduced in 1797, this multi-purpose pear is a long-standing favorite of orchard growers and fruit gardeners alike. Starts bearing at a young age and is very productive. Fruit features a smooth, firm texture and a juicy, spicy taste. Harvest in late August.
Moonglow Pear
Big, bold, blushed fruit. This beautiful, Bartlett-type pear is soft and juicy without being mushy. The tree is disease-resistant to fire blight and will bear fruit for years. A strong pollinator for other pear varieties. Originates from Maryland, introduced in 1960. Harvest in mid August.
Wildlife Apple Trees:
We have two kinds of crabapple trees that are wonderful for providing food and cover for wildlife on your property!
Manchurian Crabapple (Malus baccata) Height: 12'-15'
A flowering crab used to pollinate other apple varieties. The white flower is a very prolific pollen producer. Blooms early and through midseason. Extremely winter hardy and disease resistant tree that is excellent for windbreaks, wildlife habitat, and ornamental uses.
Whitney Crabapple (Malus baccata) Height: 12’-15’
Small, sweet, edible crab apples. This tree produces a large harvest of red, golf ball-size apples that are perfect for processing into cider, as well one spicing and cider. Flesh is sweet, juicy and slightly yellow. Also produces beautiful pink and white blossoms in spring. Cold-hardy and heat-tolerant. Ripens in late August or early September, but drop its fruit over a long period of time, into the winter.
*Sorry, but the Yellow Newtown Pippins are unavailable!
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Small Fruits
Blackberry ‘Cheyenne’ (Rubus sp.)
‘Cheyenne’ produce a firm berry that is excellent for jellies, jams, and freezing. Introduced in 1976 at Fayetteville, Arkansas, this Blackberry has large high-quality berries with very good flavor and yields. Our most winter-hardy variety, ideal for the North and Midwest. ‘Cheyenne’ is thorny and provides a thick tangle of stems that provide shelter for birds and wildlife. This early ripening variety ripens around the beginning of June and is easy-to-grow.
Blueberry ‘Jersey’ (Vaccinium sp.)
Corymbosum ‘Jersey’ is a late-season variety that is easy to grow, high-yielding, and one of the oldest and most widely grown blueberry varieties. ‘Jersey’ is an outstanding variety for the home landscape and with its famous cold hardiness, you’ll be harvesting for years to come. The berries are dark blue, medium in size, and very sweet. Long clusters of fruit are prolific on the 6-foot tall bush. The plants are vigorous in most any soil, therefore ‘Jersey’ is widely planted by commercial growers in Michigan.
Raspberry ‘Latham’ (Rubus idaeus)
This reliable favorite Junebearer ripens mid-season and is long harvesting. Vigorous, productive canes and excellent fruit with a sweet flavor make this a garden favorite. ‘Latham’ red berries are large, firm and attractive. Most popular variety; ripens in late June, cold hardy. Cut spent canes to the ground after they finish fruiting.
Other Products
Natural Bamboo Stakes: 1” x 5’. $1 each
Corrugated Tree Guards: 3” x 3’. $3 each
Weed Pro Mats: 24” x 24” Keep moisture in and weeds away from newly planted trees. $3 each
Terra-sorb Planting Gel: Increases moisture absorption, a professional product. 8 ounce bag for $5
Marking Flags 4’: Vibrant lime, orange or pink. 10 for $2.50
Planting Bar: $50.00 each
Nutwizard: Roll over small fruits and nuts to pick them up in this wire basket head. Works on fruits, nuts, and even golf balls. $53 each
Blackberry ‘Cheyenne’ (Rubus sp.)
‘Cheyenne’ produce a firm berry that is excellent for jellies, jams, and freezing. Introduced in 1976 at Fayetteville, Arkansas, this Blackberry has large high-quality berries with very good flavor and yields. Our most winter-hardy variety, ideal for the North and Midwest. ‘Cheyenne’ is thorny and provides a thick tangle of stems that provide shelter for birds and wildlife. This early ripening variety ripens around the beginning of June and is easy-to-grow.
Blueberry ‘Jersey’ (Vaccinium sp.)
Corymbosum ‘Jersey’ is a late-season variety that is easy to grow, high-yielding, and one of the oldest and most widely grown blueberry varieties. ‘Jersey’ is an outstanding variety for the home landscape and with its famous cold hardiness, you’ll be harvesting for years to come. The berries are dark blue, medium in size, and very sweet. Long clusters of fruit are prolific on the 6-foot tall bush. The plants are vigorous in most any soil, therefore ‘Jersey’ is widely planted by commercial growers in Michigan.
Raspberry ‘Latham’ (Rubus idaeus)
This reliable favorite Junebearer ripens mid-season and is long harvesting. Vigorous, productive canes and excellent fruit with a sweet flavor make this a garden favorite. ‘Latham’ red berries are large, firm and attractive. Most popular variety; ripens in late June, cold hardy. Cut spent canes to the ground after they finish fruiting.
Other Products
Natural Bamboo Stakes: 1” x 5’. $1 each
Corrugated Tree Guards: 3” x 3’. $3 each
Weed Pro Mats: 24” x 24” Keep moisture in and weeds away from newly planted trees. $3 each
Terra-sorb Planting Gel: Increases moisture absorption, a professional product. 8 ounce bag for $5
Marking Flags 4’: Vibrant lime, orange or pink. 10 for $2.50
Planting Bar: $50.00 each
Nutwizard: Roll over small fruits and nuts to pick them up in this wire basket head. Works on fruits, nuts, and even golf balls. $53 each
Please Note:
- Deadline to order is April 5, 2018.
- A 50% deposit is required for orders over $100.00. Orders under $100.00 must be paid in full at time of order.
- The balance of payment is due upon receipt of seedlings or plugs.
- Pick-up days are Friday, April 27, 10:30am to 4pm and Saturday, April 28, 10:30am to 1pm.
- We do not guarantee survival. Our liability ceases when seedlings are picked up by buyer.
- It is unlawful for trees and shrubs purchased from PICD to be re-sold with roots attached.
- The district reserves the right to cancel orders and refund payments due to circumstances beyond our control.
- District forester will be on hand to answer any questions you may have regarding planting or placement of your trees.
- All orders are filled on a first-come first-served basis
- Order early to ensure the species you want!
CARE OF YOUR SEEDLINGS
Seedlings need to be kept moist and cool. The trees should be planted as soon as possible. Do not leave the seedlings in a car trunk or inside a hot car. Car trunks have little ventilation and get very warm. The most important thing to remember when planting trees is to make sure the roots do not dry out during storage and when planting. Keep them in a bag or pail when planting by hand. If machine planting, keep the roots covered. Wet burlap works well for this.
CONTAINERIZED SEEDLINGS: These seedlings are grown in containers in greenhouses and moved outside to shade houses to become acclimated to outdoor conditions. The most important thing to remember is to make sure that the top of the root plug is covered by approximately 1/2” of native soil.
BAREROOT SEEDLINGS: Bare root stock should be planted at the same depth at which they were grown in the nursery, with plenty of room for the roots. Partially fill the hole, firming the soil around the lower roots. Shovel in the remaining soil. It should be firmly but not tightly packed. Construct a water-holding basin around the tree. Give the tree plenty of water.
Seedlings need to be kept moist and cool. The trees should be planted as soon as possible. Do not leave the seedlings in a car trunk or inside a hot car. Car trunks have little ventilation and get very warm. The most important thing to remember when planting trees is to make sure the roots do not dry out during storage and when planting. Keep them in a bag or pail when planting by hand. If machine planting, keep the roots covered. Wet burlap works well for this.
CONTAINERIZED SEEDLINGS: These seedlings are grown in containers in greenhouses and moved outside to shade houses to become acclimated to outdoor conditions. The most important thing to remember is to make sure that the top of the root plug is covered by approximately 1/2” of native soil.
BAREROOT SEEDLINGS: Bare root stock should be planted at the same depth at which they were grown in the nursery, with plenty of room for the roots. Partially fill the hole, firming the soil around the lower roots. Shovel in the remaining soil. It should be firmly but not tightly packed. Construct a water-holding basin around the tree. Give the tree plenty of water.
Planning Your Plantings
Site preparation and weed control is crucial to a successful planting effort. Tilling the soil before planting can help the roots get established, but it is not absolutely necessary. The site should be as free as practical from competing weeds. Weeds can be controlled with tillage, mulch, or herbicides.
Appropriate spacing of your plants will help you to meet your conservation goals. The spacings given below are intended to be dense, and therefore suitable for the early years of a plantation. Once the trees have reached a height of 25-30 feet, the plantation should be thinned. Thereafter, thinnings should be done approximately every 10-15 years until the trees are mature.
Site preparation and weed control is crucial to a successful planting effort. Tilling the soil before planting can help the roots get established, but it is not absolutely necessary. The site should be as free as practical from competing weeds. Weeds can be controlled with tillage, mulch, or herbicides.
Appropriate spacing of your plants will help you to meet your conservation goals. The spacings given below are intended to be dense, and therefore suitable for the early years of a plantation. Once the trees have reached a height of 25-30 feet, the plantation should be thinned. Thereafter, thinnings should be done approximately every 10-15 years until the trees are mature.
For Windbreaks, Visual Screens, and Wildlife Habitat
Windbreaks should be a minimum of two rows wide, three or four is better. Mixing species within a windbreak will create habitat diversity and help prevent gaps should one species succumb to insects or disease. For windbreaks, minimum spacing between rows ranges from 12 ft. for shrubs and small trees, and up to 20 ft. for large trees.
Spacing within rows ranges from a minimum of 3 ft. for small shrubs to a maximum of 16 ft. for large trees. For wildlife plantings, consider placing plants in clump arrangements. Always consider the mature height and width of any given plant to figure out how close to plant together.
Windbreaks should be a minimum of two rows wide, three or four is better. Mixing species within a windbreak will create habitat diversity and help prevent gaps should one species succumb to insects or disease. For windbreaks, minimum spacing between rows ranges from 12 ft. for shrubs and small trees, and up to 20 ft. for large trees.
Spacing within rows ranges from a minimum of 3 ft. for small shrubs to a maximum of 16 ft. for large trees. For wildlife plantings, consider placing plants in clump arrangements. Always consider the mature height and width of any given plant to figure out how close to plant together.
